Window sash



Feb 10, 1942. H. c. BULLARD 2,272,508

WINDOW SASH Filed March 1, 1959 fl INVENM M2, 1

BY a 2 g ATTORNEY,

Patented Feb. 10, 1942 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE wmnow SASH Harold C. Bullard, Nashua, N. H. Application March 1, 1939, Serial No. 259,177 4 Claims. (01. 56)

In recent years the competition in building materials of the nature of windows, sash, sash doors and the like, has'become so keen and the unavoidable factors tending to raise the cost of manufacture of these materials have been such that the adoption of every conceivable efficiency and method of reducing costs has become essential to maintaining a business in this line. The present invention deals with this situation in its relation to the manufacture of window sash.

An important factor tending to increase the cost of glazed windows is the fact that so many fractional sizes, as distinguished from standard or stock sizes of glass panes, must be used in order to conform to overall window dimensions to fit the standard frame openings adopted and used by the trade. This is particularly true in those windows of Colonial or divided type, which are glazed with a series glass.

It is necessary that window members be of a suflicient cross-section to give the window the required strength for daily use over a period of years. these products to use stiles and rails of standard cross-sectional dimensions so far as consistent with the style of window. After deducting the standard cross-sectional dimensions of various members from the standard size of frame opening, the space remaining to be glazed leaves a fractional glass size which is more pronounced as the window openings are further sub-divided into greater number of panes. Such fractional sizes require the cutting of some, or all, panes on either edge, using a standard size pane of glass which is carried in stock in multiples of inches.

Frequently the departure from standard size is so slight that only very narrow strips, say, an eighth of a quarter of an inch, must be cut from either edge of each pane, a diflicult matter to accomplish by an unskilled person without undue breakage and danger of injury and one necessarily causing delay.

It is the chief object of this invention to devise a window or sash construction in which the necessity for using fractional sizes of glass panes will be materially reduced and in which, also, a lesser number of glaziers points will be required to retain the glass panes in position.

The nature of the invention will be readily understood from the following description when read in connection with the accompanying drawing, and the novel features will be particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

In the drawing:

Figure 1 is a front elevation of a window embodying features of the invention;

Fig. 2 is a vertical, sectional view approximately on the line 22, Fig. 1;

Also, it is desirable in manufacturing sectional view show parts illustrated at Fig. 2a is a fragmentary, ing, on a .larger scale, the the upper end of Fig. 2;

Fig, 3 is a front elevation, with parts in section, of the upper right-hand corner portion of the upper sash of the window shown in Fig. 1; and.

Fig. 4 is a view similar to Fig. 3 of parts at the upper right-hand corner of the lower sash shown of small panes of 3, it will be observed that in Fig. 1. V

Fig. 1 illustrates a twelve-pane double-hung window of a common type. It may be made of any suitable construction. As shown in Fig. 1, the bottom and top sashes comprise the usual stiles 2-2 and rails 3, 4 and 5, modified only as later will be explained, and these parts are connected by vertical bars I 5 and horizontal muntins 6 of the usual cross-section. The parts also are arranged in the usual manner to provide rectangular openings, each designed to receive a pane of glass. These frame parts also are rabbeted at the exposed or outer side of the window sashes to provide flanges having surfaces, such as those shown at 1 in Fig. 2, surrounding the opening and adapted to afford lateral support for the margins of the window panes. One pane of glass so supported is shown at 8 in Figs. 2 and 3. Extending at right angles to these surfaces 1 are theusual putty ledges 9. So far as the construction above described is concerned, no change from the'prior. practice is required.

According to the present invention, some or all of the heavier frame parts, such as stiles 2 and rails 3, 4 and 5, are undercut or grooved in the plane of the panes of glass and at the bases of the putty ledges, so that these grooves will cooperate with the openings to receive panes of glass of greater transverse dimensions than would otherwise be the case. Referring to Figs. 2, 2d and the top rail 3 is grooved or undercut, as shown at II] at the base of the putty ledge 9, so that the upper edge of the pane of glass 8 can be slid into this groove and the bottom of the pane thereafter pushed flat against the surfaces 1 of the bar 5, muntin 6 and stile 2.

The outer wall of the groove l0 preferably is slightly beveled as shown at II! in Figs. 2, and 2a, to permit the upper edge of the pane 8 to be started into the groove l0 while it is in an inclined relationship to the plane of the window itself and thereafter pressed into its final position. The pane 8 is retained in the window sash by a suitable number of glaziers points I2, no points being required along the upper edge of the pane, however. Subsequently it is puttied in accordance with the usual custom.

The fact that the seat in which'the pane 8 is located will accommodate a pane of excessive dimensions for that particular opening, saves the expense of cutting a small strip off the edge of the panes of glass used in the entire number of sashes required for a given order or building. This groove H] is cut in the frame pieces at the time of shaping them to the cross-sections shown, at no extra cost, other than the insertion of a cutter and its adjustment as to proper depth.

The particular frame pieces which will have to be treated in this manner, and the depths of the grooves to be made in them, will be determined in connection with the preliminary layout or the specifications from which the windows are to be made. Either the stiles or the rails, or both, may be grooved to accommodate lights of excessive width or length. While it is not feasible to groove the bars [5 and 6 as ordinarily made because of the danger of weakening them, there is in the stiles and rails ample stock so that grooves of a quarter of an inch, or even a somewhat greater depth, can readily be made without injuring them from the standpoint of strength.

Frequently advantage. may be taken of this construction in making the layout of a sash three or more panes wide, so that, for example, the opening for the inside panes of the window, as shown in Fig. 1, can be made to accommodate panes of standard size, and that for the outside panes can be made slightly narrower so that by undercutting or grooving the stiles 2, as shown in dotted lines, it will be possible to use standard size glass throughout and thus avoid all cutting of fractional sizes. If, in addition, the rails 4 and 5 are similarly undercut, as indicated in dotted lines, then the four outside openings would accommodate panes both longer and wider than normal, as well as panes of the usual dimensions for openings of that size.

The construction described above is also adaptable for sashes and sash doors in which wood beads are normally used instead of putty in glazing. The groove serves in the same manner to permit the use of a pane opening.

In addition to the saving effected in the manner above described, there is also a saving in the number of glaziers' points required and in the labor involved in inserting them. For example, in the pane 8, Fig. 3, no points are required in anchoring the upper edge of the pane, since it is better secured by the walls of the groove than it would be in the usual construction with points. On this particular pane, therefore, a 25% saving in the cost of points and in the labor of putting them in is efiected.

It will also be readily seen that if both the stiles 2-2 and the rails 4 and 5 of the lower sash shown in Fig. 1 are grooved in the manner above described and as indicated in dotted lines and as shown in Fig. 4, even assuming that such grooving were not necessary to accommodate a larger size of glass than opening size, the four corner panes could be placed in their respective openings and then moved diagonally toward the respective corners of the sash so as to be locked on two edges in the grooves. In connection with this operation the usual bedding or back puttying of the panes with putty would, of course, be performed, and thereafter each light would be held in place on two sides by glaziers points. The thickness of the groove should be made sufficient to take both glass and putty, however. The putty sections are shown in Fig. 4 at 9. The number of points required for these four corner panes then would be only 50% of that ordinarily larger than the glass necessary. A reduction of 25% in points also would be realized in locating the two middle panes. Moreover, such grooving will enable the corner openings to accommodate panes of glass either longer or wider than the openings themselves and thus will save cutting under such conditions as those above described.

The invention therefore eifects a saving in the cost of manufacture of glazed sash which is important to a mill or factory making this product in any substantial volume. At the same time, the customary or usual appearance of the sash window or sash door is not modified. Inasmuch as the invention is applicable to any window, sash, or sash door, the term window sash will be herein used in a generic sense to include all three.

Having thus described my invention, what I desire to claim as new is:

1. A window, sash, or sash door comprising members extending at right angles to each other and spaced to provide a rectangular opening adapted to receive a pane of glass, a pane of glass closing said opening, said members being rabbeted to provide a putty ledge surrounding said opening, and one of said members being grooved in the plane of said glass, said pane of glass having an edge portion projecting into said groove and extending beyond the plane of the putty ledge on said member.

2. A window, sash, or sash door having members extending at right angles to each other and spaced to provide rectangular openings adapted to receive panes of glass, said members being rabbeted to form flanges at the edges of said openings adapted to afford lateral support for the panes of glass, and also providing ledges surrounding said openings to support the putty for sealing said panes in position, one of said members being grooved at the base of said putty ledge for one of said openings, and a pane of glass closing said opening, said groove being in the plane of said glass, said pane having one edge located in said groove and being of greater dimensions than the distance between the putty ledge adjoining said groove and that at the opposite side of the opening.

3. A window, sash, or sash door having wooden members extending at right angles to each other and spaced to provide rectangular openings receiving panes of glass, said members being rabbeted to form flanges at the edges of said openings affording lateral support for the panes of glass, and also providing ledges supporting the putty for sealing said panes in position, two of said members being grooved at the base of said putty ledges and in the plane of the glass admitting the edges of panes of glass larger in two dimensions than the corresponding dimensions between said putty ledges of the openings in which they are to be placed.

4. A window, sash, or sash door comprising wooden members extending at right angles to each other and spaced to provide a rectangular opening receiving a pane of glass, said members being rabbeted and having a putty ledge surrounding said opening, and two of said members joined at one corner of said opening being grooved, said grooves receiving the edges of a pane of glass closing said opening, the glass being slid under the inner margins of the putty ledges on said last mentioned members.

i HAROLD C. BULLARD. 

